The Victorian Policeman (Shire Library)

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Since the 1960s, police forces in the United Kingdom have been merged and modernised by several Acts of Parliament.

Special Constables Act 1914. Allowed for the appointment of Special Constables during wartime, due to the fall in numbers of regular officers. Police History has become an area of study in itself with organisations such as the Police History Society existing since 1985 to further develop this field of knowledge. It is recognised as specialist area of academia; with notable experts including Clive Emsley, Dr Chris Williams, Martin Stallion, and Richard Cowley. Victoria Police has a quasi-military rank structure. The modern policing model developed by Sir Robert Peel for the Metropolitan Police History of City of London Police Key dates". City of London Police. Archived from the original on 4 October 2012 . Retrieved 29 December 2013. Victoria Police Medal for Excellence – Awarded to an employee/s who has/have demonstrated a consistent commitment to exceeding the organisational goals and priorities of Victoria Police;

The Police Act 1964 created 49 larger forces in England and Wales, some covering two or more counties or large urban areas.

In October 1877, the Trial of the Detectives, otherwise known as the Turf Fraud Scandal, further damaged the police detectives’ reputation by exposing corruption. (5) This led to the reformation of Scotland Yards’ Detective Branch in 1878 and the appointment of a new Director of Criminal Investigations, Charles Vincent. (6) Coroners and Policing Popkess and the Nottingham City Police would expand this pioneering method and develop tactics to use it to its full potential, including: overlaying mobile patrol areas on top of several existing foot beats, allowing responding Mechanized Division officers to collect colleagues on foot and take them to incidents; 'snatch plans' to pot up police cars at key road junctions in the event of serious crimes; and 'Q Cars' or 'Q Cruisers', unmarked vehicles disguised as civilian cars or delivery vans for covert patrol. The Emergence of Penal Policy in Victorian and Edwardian England by Leon Radzinowicz and Roger Hood (Clarendon Press, 1990 )

A VARIABLE CLIMATE

Lyman, J.L. "The Metropolitan Police Act of 1829: An Analysis of Certain Events Influencing the Passage and Character of the Metropolitan Police Act in England," Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology, and Police Science (1964) 55#1 pp.141–154 online

On 31 October 1923, members of the Victoria Police Force refused duty and went on strike over the introduction of a new supervisory system. Artful Dodgers: Youth and Crime in Early Nineteenth-Century London by Heather Shore, Woodbridge (Boydell Press/Royal Historical Society, 1999) West Midlands Police Museum - Sparkhill Police Station, 607 Stratford Road, Sparkhill, Birmingham. Tel: 0121 626 7181. The West Midlands Police Museum houses a wide range of pictures, information and items to show the development of policing in and around Birmingham. After about half-an-hour’s tugging and dragging he managed to get her to Stone’s End and into a cell, but “I couldn’t get that woman out of my mind. She seemed to haunt me. I was only nineteen years of age, and being of a very sensitive nature I wondered how it was possible for any poor creature to get to such a deplorable state of degradation.”

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Often, those who signed up to join the police were scruffy, unfit, unintelligent and not committed to their role. In fact, it is said that the first-ever man inducted as a police officer was fired after four hours because he was drunk whilst on the job! This did the Metropolitan Police no favours when it came to getting the public to trust them, and so a new criterion was later put in place specifying that to join the police, you had to be: A senior sergeant oversees the sergeants and traditionally performs more administrative work and middle management duties, for example coordination of policing operations, or specialist work other than active patrol duties. General-duties senior sergeants are traditionally in charge of most police stations or can be a sub-charge (or second in charge) of larger (usually 24-hour) police stations. In each division, or group of divisions on a night shift, a senior sergeant is the division supervisor for a shift and is responsible for managing and overseeing incidents in their area. Detective senior sergeants are usually the officer in charge of crime investigation units. Promotion to the rank of sergeant is based upon an application and interview process after a vacancy is made available due to transfer or retirement of a pre-existing sergeant. Senior constables must first successfully complete the Sergeant Level Pre-promotional Qualifying Exam. A sergeant normally manages a team during a shift, like Patrol Supervisor of a Police Service Area (PSA) for a shift. A detective sergeant is typically in charge of a team in a specific part of either local detectives at police stations or crime squads. Based on the committees' findings, Home Secretary Robert Peel introduced the Metropolitan Police Act 1829, prompting a rigorous and less discretionary approach to law enforcement. Constables are promoted in situ to senior constable after two years of becoming a confirmed Constable and successful completion of re-introduced Senior Constable exams. Promotion beyond senior constable is highly competitive. The newly promoted officer is in probation for 1 year. [7]

None of the new roles are Police constable, but they do have certain specific powers of a constable, for example in relation to lawful detention. Policemen’s boots are of two sizes only, the too small and the too large. The latter class are by far the most numerous; so that it is easy to judge a policeman by his foot, which seems twice as big as anybody else’s. These boots, or rather boats, presumably consist of leather; but they look as clumsy, awkward and inflexible, as if they were made of cast-iron….” Edinburgh Town Guard gained notoriety when its Captain Porteous became the trigger for the Porteous Riots. A couple of years after the first Europeans settled there, in September 1836 the area around Melbourne, known as the District of Port Phillip, became part of the colony of New South Wales. From 1851 until 1901 it became the Colony of Victoria, with its own government within the British Empire. In 1901 it became a state of the new Commonwealth of Australia. [9] Early history [ edit ] Mounted officers of the Victoria Police The UK's first national police force was the Irish Constabulary, established in 1837. It received the appellation Royal Irish Constabulary in 1867 after its success in suppressing the Fenian Rising.Secondly, the command and control on the officers and their actions was maintained by a centralized, pseudo-military organizational structure. The Soham murders lead to a large-scale review of police intelligence sharing and information processing. This results in the MoPI (Management of Police Information) standards being introduced and leads ultimately to the Police National Database in 2011. Victoria Police Valour Award – The Victoria Police Valour Award (VA) is awarded to sworn police employees for a particular incident involving an act that displayed exceptional bravery in extremely perilous circumstances; Search for variations of their name, including their rank if known i.e. " Ned Holden", "Edward Holden", Constable Holden","Detective Sargent Holden". Or try searching for a name and place, i.e. Holden "Melbourne CIB"