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Solla S (2004). "Self-Sustained Activity in a Small-World Network of Excitable Neurons". Physical Review Letters. UC Santa Barbara, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics. 92 (19): 198101. arXiv: nlin/0309067. Bibcode: 2004PhRvL..92s8101R. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.198101. PMID 15169447. S2CID 14272272. Archived from the original on 2016-09-14 . Retrieved 2006-03-06.
Kundu S, Chattopadhyay S (2014). Network-on-chip: the Next Generation of System-on-Chip Integration (1sted.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 9781466565272. OCLC 895661009. What really needs to happen at this point is for there to be competition among low-carbon energy sources, to see who can deliver the most benefit for carbon reduction at the least cost,” says Peter Bradford, a former member of the NRC. “I don’t have a problem with the government underwriting research in a different energy technology, as long as the research is proportional to the promise it has shown.”
Humphries MD, Gurney K (April 2008). "Network 'small-world-ness': a quantitative method for determining canonical network equivalence". PLOS ONE. 3 (4): e0002051. Bibcode: 2008PLoSO...3.2051H. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002051. PMC 2323569. PMID 18446219. Small-world networks tend to contain cliques, and near-cliques, meaning sub-networks which have connections between almost any two nodes within them. This follows from the defining property of a high clustering coefficient. Secondly, most pairs of nodes will be connected by at least one short path. This follows from the defining property that the mean-shortest path length be small. Several other properties are often associated with small-world networks. Typically there is an over-abundance of hubs – nodes in the network with a high number of connections (known as high degree nodes). These hubs serve as the common connections mediating the short path lengths between other edges. By analogy, the small-world network of airline flights has a small mean-path length (i.e. between any two cities you are likely to have to take three or fewer flights) because many flights are routed through hub cities. This property is often analyzed by considering the fraction of nodes in the network that have a particular number of connections going into them (the degree distribution of the network). Networks with a greater than expected number of hubs will have a greater fraction of nodes with high degree, and consequently the degree distribution will be enriched at high degree values. This is known colloquially as a fat-tailed distribution. Graphs of very different topology qualify as small-world networks as long as they satisfy the two definitional requirements above. Our prices are competitive and are in U.S. dollar values which is best for our U.S. customers. No confusion having to convert other currencies to dollars. Several studies have tried to answer this question. The most extensive and recent comes from the work of Vincent Ricciardi and colleagues. 6 They produced the first open dataset on global food production, mapped by farm size. 7 It covers 154 crop types across 55 countries. It not only covers the amount produced across different farm sizes, but also the types of crops and what they are used for – whether they are eaten as food, used as animal feed, or for other uses such as biofuels.
Another way to construct a small world network from scratch is given in Barmpoutis et al., [20] where a network with very small average distance and very large average clustering is constructed. A fast algorithm of constant complexity is given, along with measurements of the robustness of the resulting graphs. Depending on the application of each network, one can start with one such "ultra small-world" network, and then rewire some edges, or use several small such networks as subgraphs to a larger graph. There are three more general ways to describe scale as well: local, regional, and global. Local-scale is a specific place with unique physical features such as climate, topography, and vegetation. Yang XS (March 2001). "Chaos in small-world networks". Physical Review E. 63 (4): 046206. arXiv: 1003.4940. Bibcode: 2001PhRvE..63d6206Y. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.63.046206. PMID 11308929. S2CID 38158445. In addition to characterizing whole-brain functional and structural connectivity, specific neural systems, such as the visual system, exhibit small-world network properties. [6] The world’s food systems are being squeezed from all sides: rising populations and shifting diets are increasing the global demand for food, while food production is increasingly compromised by climate change and land degradation.Lowder, S. K., Skoet, J., & Raney, T. (2016). The number, size, and distribution of farms, smallholder farms, and family farms worldwide. World Development, 87, 16-29. But is that right? Are small-scale farmers there to feed themselves and large-scale farmers there to feed the world? Where the characteristic path length L and clustering coefficient C are calculated from the network you are testing, C ℓ is the clustering coefficient for an equivalent lattice network and L r is the characteristic path length for an equivalent random network. Sporns O, Chialvo DR, Kaiser M, Hilgetag CC (September 2004). "Organization, development and function of complex brain networks". Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 8 (9): 418–25. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2004.07.008. PMID 15350243. S2CID 2855338.
A few years ago, embroidery artist Danielle Clough wanted to challenge herself, so she “started sewing really big and teeny tiny at about the same time,” she told Katz. Clough enjoyed both scales, but she continued embroidering small works because the process was uniquely portable. The Cape Town-based artist, designer, and art director keeps very busy, and likes that she can tote her tiny fabric canvases and spools of colorful thread with her wherever she goes. Improving credit infrastructure (credit reporting systems, secured transactions and collateral registries, and insolvency regimes) which can lead to greater SME access to finance.
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But SMR opponents maintain that no matter the size, nuclear power has unresolved cost and safety concerns. To realise savings through mass manufacturing, there would need to be a standardised SMR design, critics say; currently, there are dozens. And SMRs would also have to be built in large quantities. But for a company to invest in making reactors and their components, it would need a reliable market, and many private investors are still wary of the new technology. Andrew Storer, chief executive of the Nuclear Advanced Manufacturing Research Center, which forecasts markets for nuclear power manufacturers, says that as far as supply chain companies go, “We’re advising people, ‘Don’t invest yet.’” Small world play also allows ELC practitioners and parents or carers to engage with children in a lovely and significant way that offers a peek at the child’s perception of the world. It’s also a great way to observe experiences and outcomes at Early Level, while using responsive planning to create plans in response to children’s interests. Downey, Allen B. (2016). "3". Think Complexity (PDF). Needham, Massachusetts: Green Tea Press. p.27. Both ω′ and SWI range between 0 and 1, and have been shown to capture aspects of small-worldness. However, they adopt slightly different conceptions of ideal small-worldness. For a given set of constraints (e.g. size, density, degree distribution), there exists a network for which ω′ = 1, and thus ω aims to capture the extent to which a network with given constraints as small worldly as possible. In contrast, there may not exist a network for which SWI=1, the thus SWI aims to capture the extent to which a network with given constraints approaches the theoretical small world ideal of a network where C ≈ C ℓ and L ≈ L r. [9] Examples of small-world networks [ edit ] Bork P, Jensen LJ, von Mering C, Ramani AK, Lee I, Marcotte EM (June 2004). "Protein interaction networks from yeast to human" (PDF). Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 14 (3): 292–9. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2004.05.003. PMID 15193308.
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