Individually, doxycycline compared with placebo showed a significant reduction in the following outcomes: mean number of days feeling ill, cough at follow-up and mean number of days of productive cough, where other antibiotics (amoxicillin and erythromycin) did not. Beta-2 agonists (salbutamol tablets, salbutamol inhaler or fenoterol inhaler [not available in the UK]) did not significantly reduce the presence of cough at 7 days, productive cough after 7 days, night cough after 7 days, not working by day 7 or mean cough score at days 1 to 7, compared with placebo in adults with acute cough or acute bronchitis (very low to moderate quality evidence).

The possibility of pregnancy should be considered in women of childbearing age. Doxycycline should not be used in pregnancy. Amoxicillin is the preferred antibiotic in pregnancy. Erythromycin is preferred if a macrolide is needed in pregnancy, for example, if there is true penicillin allergy and the benefits of antibiotic treatment outweigh the harms. See the MHRA Public Assessment Report on the safety of macrolide antibiotics in pregnancy. There were no significant differences between antibiotics and placebo or no treatment for adverse effects (vomiting, rash or diarrhoea) in children with moist cough for longer than 10 days duration.Paul IM, Yoder KE, Crowell KR, et al. Effect of dextromethorphan, diphenhydramine, and placebo on nocturnal cough and sleep quality for coughing children and their parents. Pediatrics. 2004;114(1):e85-e90. ml) syrup contain 0.2506 g dried liquid extract from the roots of Pelargonium sidoides DC (1:8-10) (EPs® 7630). Extraction solvent: 11% ethanol (w/w). NSAIDs (naproxen or ibuprofen) were not significantly different to placebo for a cumulative cough score at follow-up in adults with a common cold (very low quality evidence). NSAIDs significantly reduced associated individual symptoms scores for headache (very low quality evidence), joint and muscle pain (low quality evidence), earache (very low quality evidence) and sneezing (low quality evidence). In the studies, honey was given as a single 10‑g dose in 1 trial, and 2 trials reported that honey was given before bedtime. A range of types of honey were used, with no studies using the same variety.

P. sidoides (as a liquid) significantly reduced 'failure to resolve all symptoms' by day 7 (79.9% versus 97.1%; low quality evidence), 'failure to resolve cough' by day 7 (low quality evidence) and 'failure to resolve sputum' by day 7 (very low quality evidence) compared with placebo in children or young people with acute bronchitis. There was no significant difference in gastrointestinal side effects with honey compared with placebo or dextromethorphan (very low to low quality evidence). There were also no significant differences in mild adverse effects (for example, nervousness, insomnia, hyperactivity and drowsiness) compared with dextromethorphan (very low quality evidence). No significant difference in sleepiness was found when honey was compared with diphenhydramine (very low quality evidence).If you take more than the recommended dose, speak to your doctor, pharmacist or healthcare practitioner and take this leaflet with you. If you forget to take this product Gastro-intestinal complaints such as stomach pain, heartburn, nausea or diarrhoea may occur uncommonly (≥ 1/1,000 to < 1/100) during treatment with Kaloba. Pelargonium (Pelargonium sidoides) is gaining huge popularity in Germany because of it’s effectiveness against the symptoms associated with colds and flus, and it is the best researched herbal cold and cough remedy. It helps to reduce the mucus of snotty noses and phlegm that makes it hard to breathe, improves a bad cough and any associated chest pain, and decreases congestion to help open the breathing passages. Beta-2 agonists (salbutamol syrup) were significantly better than erythromycin ethylsuccinate syrup for cough after 7 days (41.2% versus 88.2%; number needed to treat [NNT] 3 [range 2 to 6]; low quality evidence), productive cough after 7 days (35.7% versus 76.5%; NNT 2 [range 2 to 12]; low quality evidence) but not night cough after 7 days (very low quality evidence) in adults with acute cough or acute bronchitis. A. It is a common name for the roots of the herb pelargonium sidoides and pelargonium reniforme curt. The preparations of this herb root are obtained by putting them in a solvent like ethanol and then dissolving compounds to form a liquid extract for utilisation. Q. How do you prepare geranium tea?

Antibiotics have possible adverse effects, particularly diarrhoea and nausea. In people with acute bronchitis, antibiotics increased adverse effects, with a NNH of 25. Based on 4 RCTs from 1 systematic review ( Smith et al. 2014) in adults, young people and children with cough related to a common cold or upper respiratory tract infection. Children aged 6-12 years should take 5ml of the syrup three times a day (morning, midday, evening). A. Its syrup is non-drowsy and has been used to treat several respiratory infections; cough and cold are the most common ones. It does not make you sleepy or drowsy. Q. How do you grow pelargonium sidoides?Although there are no data on cases of overdose, overdose is likely to increase side-effects. Thus, treatment should be symptomatic and as clinically indicated. 5. Pharmacological properties 5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties Beta-2 agonists (salbutamol syrup) did not significantly reduce the presence of cough at 7 days, or mean cough score at days 1 to 7, compared with placebo in children with acute cough or acute bronchitis (low to moderate quality evidence). There were no significant differences in adverse effects (shaking or tremor or other adverse effects) between groups (very low quality evidence). Antibiotics (erythromycin, cefuroxime, doxycycline or co-amoxiclav) did not significantly reduce the number of adults and children with acute bronchitis without improvement at physician follow-up compared with placebo (very low quality evidence). When a subgroup of people with non-purulent tracheo-bronchitis from an upper respiratory tract infection study was omitted, antibiotics were significantly better than placebo (5 RCTs, n=816, 7.7% versus 17.6%; NNT 11 [7 to 19]; moderate quality evidence). However, only 1 RCT in this analysis of cefuroxime versus placebo (accounting for 35.5% of the weight in the meta‑analysis) showed a significant improvement compared with placebo. If other adverse reactions not mentioned above occur, a doctor or a qualified health care practitioner should be consulted. 4.9 Overdose Based on Smith et al. (2014), a systematic review including 3 RCTs of adults and young people over 12 years with an acute cough or upper respiratory tract infection.

A. The leaves and other parts of the pelargonium sidoides herb have been traditionally used for medicinal purposes for a very long time. They have proven beneficial in many health conditions like tuberculosis, respiratory tract infections, diarrhoea, etc. In addition, its leaves also possess antifungal properties. Q. What is a pelargonium root? Evans AT, Husain S, Durairaj L, Sadowski LS, Charles-Damte M, Wang Y. Azithromycin for acute bronchitis: a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial. Lancet. 2002;359(9318):1648-1654. Pelargonium sidoides also has traditional ethnoveterinary applications. For example, people use its root decoctions as an anthelmintic remedy in calves. In addition, people use remedies prepared with boiled leaves to keep the wounds safe from maggots and prevent purging in horses. Finally, pharma companies use it in deworming medicines like ivermectin, interrupting the bacterial cycle and killing the currently established bacteria. However, due to the potential effect of Kaloba on coagulation parameters, this product may enhance the effect of coagulation-inhibiting drugs such as warfarin and should not be taken concomitantly with these drugs. (see section 4.3). 4.6 Pregnancy and lactationAntibiotics significantly increased the overall number of adverse effects compared with placebo or no active treatment in people with acute bronchitis (12 RCTs, n=3,496, 22.6% versus 18.7%, NNH 25 [range 15 to 84]; low quality evidence). The most commonly reported adverse effects included gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhoea. There were no significant differences in adverse effects for subgroups of different antibiotics (erythromycin, amoxicillin or co-amoxiclav, or doxycycline) versus placebo or no active treatment (very low to low quality evidence). Another interesting action is that Pelargonium stimulates the movement of hair-like cell projections (cilia) which form a ‘respiratory escalator’ that helps to bring up mucus and clear the lungs of infection. Pelargonium and the common cold