Kloosterman, Stephen (April 2022). "Small Soldiers". Green House Product News. Vol.32, no.4. pp.26–29. Raking over soiland removing fallen leaves during winter can allow birds to eat slug eggs that have been exposed

Borgonie G, García-Moyano A, Litthauer D, Bert W, Bester A, van Heerden E, Möller C, Erasmus M, Onstott TC (2 June 2011). "Nematoda from the terrestrial deep subsurface of South Africa". Nature. 474 (7349): 79–82. Bibcode: 2011Natur.474...79B. doi: 10.1038/nature09974. hdl: 1854/LU-1269676. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 21637257. S2CID 4399763. Green lacewing larva, Chrysoperla carnea. The adult has a slender pale green body, about 10mm long, with long thread-like antennae and transparent wings with many veins. The adults feed on pollen, nectar and honeydew, the larvae are voracious predators of aphids, other small insects and mites. The females lay white eggs that are raised off the leaf surface on 5-7mm long silk threads. Thislacewing overwinters as adults in sheltered places.

Nematodes have successfully adapted to nearly every ecosystem: from marine (salt) to fresh water, soils, from the polar regions to the tropics, as well as the highest to the lowest of elevations. They are ubiquitous in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial environments, where they often outnumber other animals in both individual and species counts, and are found in locations as diverse as mountains, deserts, and oceanic trenches. They are found in every part of the earth's lithosphere, [15] even at great depths, 0.9–3.6km (3,000–12,000ft) below the surface of the Earth in gold mines in South Africa. [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] They represent 90% of all animals on the ocean floor. [21] The soil temperature should be 5ºC (40ºF) or over (this is also when plants start to grow). Nematodes are capable of surviving the odd frost; so don't worry if the temperature falls after you have applied Nemaslug. Metaldehyde based slug pellets are reported not to be effective below 7ºC. Barriers, thought to repel slugs, include rough or sharp textured mulches and substances thought to be distasteful or strong smelling. Copper-base barriers have been shown to repel slugs in some studies. A recent RHS studyin a garden-realistic scenario however, found no reduction in slug damage from barriers made of copper tape, bark mulch, eggshells, sharp grit or wool pellets Slugs are so abundant in gardens that some damage has to be tolerated. They cannot be eradicated so targeting control measures to protect particularly vulnerable plants, such as seedlings and soft young shoots on herbaceous plants will give the best results. Non-chemical control Biological control Control: Nematodes Steinernema feltiae (spring application)and S. carpocapsae (summer application).

The nematodes come complete with instructions and can be applied using a watering can ornematode applicator. You just apply to moist soil when the soil temperature is above 5ºC (41ºF) and ensure the soil does not dry out for at least two weeks after applying nematodes. Nematodes should be applied when light levels are low. They are light-sensitive, so apply them in the very early morning or at dusk.A regular regime of using Nemaslug every six weeks is the best way to keep slugs at bay throughout the growing season. White JG, Southgate E, Thomson JN, Brenner S (August 1976). "The structure of the ventral nerve cord of Caenorhabditis elegans". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences. 275 (938): 327–348. Bibcode: 1976RSPTB.275..327W. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1976.0086. PMID 8806.

Nematode products should be fridge stored if conditions are not suitable for fast application after receipt Most UK slug species are herbivorous, eating leaves, flowers, fruits, mushrooms, lichens and decaying plant material. Some, such as the Leopard slug, are carnivorous and hunt other slugs and snails. Nemaslug can be used on clay soils that have been well worked with other organic materials. Do not use if the area you wish to treat is waterlogged or very heavy wet clay.

Nematode Steinernema feltiae. This nematode is sometimes supplied for control of these scale insects. Ehlers, R.-U.; Hokkanen, H. M. T. (September 1996). "Insect Biocontrol with Non-endemic Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Steinernema and Heterorhabditis spp.): Conclusions and Recommendations of a Combined OECD and COST Workshop on Scientific and Regulatory Policy Issues". Biocontrol Science and Technology. 6 (3): 295–302. doi: 10.1080/09583159631280. Weischer B, Brown DJ (2000). An Introduction to Nematodes: General Nematology. Sofia, Bulgaria: Pensoft. pp.75–76. ISBN 978-954-642-087-9. Lambshead, P. John D. (January 1993). "Recent developments in marine benthic biodiversity research". Oceanis. 19 (6): 5–24 . Retrieved 5 November 2018– via ResearchGate.