Pearce DW, Ker R (1991) Economics of natural resources and the environment. Land Econ 67:272–276. https://doi.org/10.2307/3146419 Heat mats: Some owners like to use heat mats. The issue I have with these in such setups is a heat mat directly on wood or plastic (if using a RUB/tub) is not ideal from a safety perspective. And often the heat mat will be buried under a lot of substrate, with no natural airflow around it, which isn’t ideal either. The reason is simple. The branded ones have been tested to withstand all the various conditions of a setup. The dryness, heat, damp. everything. And tested for burns, mould, ease of sanitation etc.

Alhawari O, Awan U, Bhutta MKS, Ülkü MA (2021) Insights from circular economy literature: a review of extant definitions and unravelling paths to future research. Sustainability 13:859. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13020859 Lignocel however is very cheap, and you can create a deep substrate for your Royal to burrow down into. This offersa little mental and physical stimulation. Right out of the bag this substrate is great and, if you want to, you can plant your plants directly in the substrate. However, most plants won’t survive for long In this bioreactor, agitation is provided to the cells by a mechanical agitator to move freely within the fermentation broth. The reactor initiated at batch mode and growth of cells is permitted up to an exponential phase, and prepared media is continuously introduced to the reaction tank. The precaution related to cell inhibition for entry in the stationary phase must be taken in the bioreactor [ 119]. The system can be in single, double and multi-stages. In a continuous type of single-stage fermentation, higher reactor productivity can be achieved at the cost of low product concentration, in contrast to the productivity acquired through the batch process. In double stage fermentation, the inhibitory compound production decreases by allowing the process to occur in two different containers. In a multi-stage system, 6–8 tanks are used to carry out the process. As mentioned already, I use the Arcadia Deep Heat Projector for the basking zone temps. This emits no light at all.Your substrate choice here will directly impact on the amount of cleaning and maintenance you are required to do. Humidity will be directly affected by the substrate you use, as well as the size of the setup. And even your geographical location and homes own humidity. Zhang YP (2008) Reviving the carbohydrate economy via multi-product lignocellulose biorefineries. J Ind Microbial Biotechnol 35:367–375. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-007-0293-6 Tripathi N, Hills CD, Singh RS, Atkinson CJ (2019) Biomass waste utilisation in low-carbon products: harnessing a major potential resource. NPJ Clim Atmos Sci 2:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-019-0093-5

Aftab MN, Iqbal I, Riaz F, Karadag A, Tabatabaei M (2019) Different pretreatment methods of lignocellulosic biomass for use in biofuel production. In: Abomohra AEF (ed) Biomass for bioenergy-recent trends and future challenges. Intechopen, London, pp 15–38. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84995 Yao YC, Tsai JH, Chiang HL (2009) Effects of ethanol-blended gasoline on air pollutant emissions from motorcycle. Sci Total Environ 407:5257–5262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.06.017 Unfortunately Lignocel is not great at maintaining humidity level.However, if you provide humidity within moist hides containing moss, thatwould be fine.

Is the Royal (Ball) python a good starter snake?

Menon V, Rao M (2012) Trends in bioconversion of lignocellulose: biofuels, platform chemicals & biorefinery concept. Prog Energy Combust Sci 38:522–550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2012.02.002 Caring for your corn snake doesn’t just mean replacing its substrate once per week. Instead, you should care for your corn snake by ‘spot cleaning’ its cage. Corns go to the toilet a few days after they’ve been fed, but otherwise, they won’t get their bedding very dirty at all.